Moon Phases: Sunlight & Viewing Geometry — Practice · Grade 6 Science
Chapter: Earth, Moon, Sun & Space ModelsWhat this practice covers
By the end of Moon Phases: Sunlight & Viewing Geometry you should be able to:
- I can explain phases as a change in viewing geometry rather than a shadow.
- I can give evidence that rules out the shadow explanation.
- I can explain why the same face of the Moon always points towards Earth.
8 questions, written answer and multiple choice, each with a worked explanation.
Vocabulary used: waxing, waning, evidence, system boundary, uncertainty.
Problem 1
Answer and explanation
No. The body remains whole; the observer sees a different fraction of the illuminated portion.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 2
Answer and explanation
Whether the observed illuminated fraction is increasing or decreasing, not a universal left/right rule for every observer.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 3
Answer and explanation
Most phase positions do not place the Moon in Earth’s shadow. Illumination and viewing direction explain the ordinary sequence.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 4
Answer and explanation
Only that the observation was unavailable or obscured under the method; it does not show the Moon vanished.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 5
Answer and explanation
The visible illuminated fraction grows from new toward full and then decreases toward last quarter. About half the Moon remains sunlit throughout; the viewing fraction changes. Eclipses need additional alignment with the tilted orbit, so the full-phase entry does not guarantee Earth’s shadow crosses the Moon.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 6
Answer and explanation
No. Its rotation is coordinated with its orbital motion. A model must include both to explain the familiar facing side.
Compare the scientific meaning and reasoning after an independent attempt. A different accurate supported response can be correct; human review is required.
Problem 7
- Every ordinary Moon phase is caused by Earth’s shadow.
- waxing: An increase in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence.
- A cloudy missing observation proves the Moon has disappeared.
- One illustrative result establishes every real condition and needs no further evidence.
Answer and explanation
waxing: An increase in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence.
An increase in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence. The visible illuminated fraction grows from new toward full and then decreases toward last quarter. About half the Moon remains sunlit throughout; the viewing fraction changes. Eclipses need additional alignment with the tilted orbit, so the full-phase entry does not guarantee Earth’s shadow crosses the Moon.
Problem 8
- A cloudy missing observation proves the Moon has disappeared.
- Every ordinary Moon phase is caused by Earth’s shadow.
- waning: A decrease in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence.
- One illustrative result establishes every real condition and needs no further evidence.
Answer and explanation
waning: A decrease in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence.
A decrease in the Moon’s observed illuminated fraction over the phase sequence. The visible illuminated fraction grows from new toward full and then decreases toward last quarter. About half the Moon remains sunlit throughout; the viewing fraction changes. Eclipses need additional alignment with the tilted orbit, so the full-phase entry does not guarantee Earth’s shadow crosses the Moon.