Science 6: Matter, Energy & Earth Systems — Final Exam

Parent / teacher answer key

Original Grade 6 home-study paper with complete supplied scenarios, calculations, and scientific explanation. It samples the course and does not replace review of the investigation notebook.

40 questions · 120 points · suggested 135 minutes

Student instructions

Work independently after agreeing timing and access support with a parent; record any support used.
All scenario numbers and records are illustrative. Use the stated assumptions and do not invent missing data.
Use the reference relationships below and a basic calculator when helpful. Show a calculation, retain units, and explain what it means.
For concept questions, connect a claim with the relevant mechanism or evidence and a specific limit. A supported alternative can satisfy the criteria.
Keep the answer key and lesson models closed during an independent attempt. Discuss corrections after human marking.
Use saved investigation plans, observations, revised models, projects, and an oral conference as additional assessment evidence.

Measurement and model relationships

Relationship	How to use it
Length	10 mm = 1 cm; 100 cm = 1 m
Mass and volume	1,000 g = 1 kg; 1,000 mL = 1 L
Mean	Sum comparable values and divide by their count
Density	Mass ÷ volume; preserve units such as g/mL or g/cm³
Percentage	Part ÷ stated whole × 100; identify the denominator
Change/rate	Ending minus starting value; divide a stated change by its time interval
Tidal range	High water minus low water with the same reference
Space scale	Actual stated distance ÷ actual km per model cm
Energy account	Include relevant stores and transfers; °C is not a joule value

Coverage and marks

Chapter	Questions	Points
Chapter 1 · Inquiry, Measurement & Models	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	15
Chapter 2 · Matter, Mixtures & Water Properties	6, 7, 8, 9, 10	15
Chapter 3 · Energy, Heat & Thermal Design	11, 12, 13, 14, 15	15
Chapter 4 · Electricity, Magnetism & Light	16, 17, 18, 19, 20	15
Chapter 5 · Earth Systems, Plates & Earth Materials	21, 22, 23, 24, 25	15
Chapter 6 · Water, Air, Weather & Climate	26, 27, 28, 29, 30	15
Chapter 7 · Ecosystems, Watersheds & Conservation	31, 32, 33, 34, 35	15
Chapter 8 · Earth, Moon, Sun & Space Models	36, 37, 38, 39, 40	15

Name: ____________________ Date: ____________________

Question 1 · 3 points

A pictured plant has four wilted leaves. A caption says “lack of fertilizer caused the wilting.” Distinguish observation and inference, and name evidence that could test the explanation.

Question 2 · 3 points

A wide paper strip is tested across a 12 cm gap; a narrow strip across an 8 cm gap. The wide strip holds more identical counters. Explain the fair-test problem and a corrected design.

Question 3 · 3 points

A ruler records an object from 1.5 cm to 7.8 cm. Find its length in centimeters and millimeters, then explain why 6.300000 cm is not automatically more reliable.

Question 4 · 3 points

Comparable trial loads are 9, 12, and 15 counters. Calculate the mean and range. The fourth entry is missing: explain why it must not become zero.

Question 5 · 3 points

A sealed 120 g water sample cools from 32 to 24 °C without measured mass change. Explain the matter and energy boundaries and one missing quantity.

Question 6 · 3 points

A closed 70 g ice sample melts into liquid water with the same mass. Describe particle arrangement, motion, and conservation without saying particles become larger.

Question 7 · 3 points

Samples P and Q are the same modeled material at matched conditions. P is 18 g and 6 cm³; Q is 45 g and 15 cm³. Compare density and explain why size is not the definition.

Question 8 · 3 points

A stated open reaction starts with 90 g inside a vessel and ends with 84 g after 6 g gas leaves. Explain conservation and why bubbles alone would be weaker chemical evidence.

Question 9 · 3 points

A model mixture has 80 g water, 4 g dissolved salt, and 2 g sand. A suitable filter removes all the sand. Find the filtrate mass and explain what remains and what cannot be concluded about safety.

Question 10 · 3 points

Use modeled water density 1 g/mL. Object A is 15 g and 30 mL; B is 15 g and 5 mL. Calculate densities and explain why a hollow shape or surface support may need a different account.

Question 11 · 3 points

A book rests on a high shelf; a toy rolls along the floor; a battery-powered lamp emits light. Name relevant energy descriptions and distinguish energy from matter or temperature.

Question 12 · 3 points

A model receives 150 J, with 45 J visible light and 90 J thermal output recorded. Calculate the unaccounted amount and light fraction; explain whether missing energy can be declared destroyed.

Question 13 · 3 points

Two samples of the same water state are at 28 °C, with volumes 60 and 240 mL. Both sit in a 20 °C room. Explain equal temperature, total energy comparison, and net heat-transfer direction.

Question 14 · 3 points

A warm cup transfers energy through its wall, nearby circulating air, and infrared radiation. Identify each mechanism and correct “all heat must rise.”

Question 15 · 3 points

Matched ten-minute drops: sleeve P, 4, 5, 6 °C at 3 tokens; Q, 2, 3, 4 °C at 6 tokens. Desired mean is at most 5 °C and budget at most 4 tokens. Recommend with evidence and a retest limit.

Question 16 · 3 points

Two neutral objects each have 12 positive and 12 negative model units. Three negative units move from A to B. Find net imbalances and explain the combined charge account.

Question 17 · 3 points

In an ideal parallel model, A’s branch switch is open and B’s branch and common path are closed. Predict lamps and explain what would happen if the common path opened.

Question 18 · 3 points

A magnet holds 6, 5, and 7 identical clips in repeated trials at one gap. At a larger gap it holds 2. Calculate the repeat mean and explain what the comparison does not measure.

Question 19 · 3 points

An incident ray is 25° from the perpendicular normal at an ideal plane mirror. Give the reflected normal and surface angles, then explain how a book can be seen without emitting its own light.

Question 20 · 3 points

An air-to-water ray enters at 45° from the normal and continues at 28°. Another ray arrives exactly along the normal. Explain both directions and why white-light and red-only views of a model green card can differ.

Question 21 · 3 points

A modeled 75 mL rainfall arrival is divided into 30 mL runoff, 25 mL infiltration, 10 mL leaf interception, and 10 mL pond storage. Check the account and connect three Earth spheres.

Question 22 · 3 points

Correct “plates float on a liquid mantle, and the inner core must be liquid because it is hotter.” Include one indirect evidence method.

Question 23 · 3 points

Two plate markers increase their separation from 250 to 265 cm in five years. A ridge lies between them in the supplied map. Calculate the relative rate and explain a supported inference and limit.

Question 24 · 3 points

A key lists A: metallic luster/pale streak; B: nonmetallic luster/dark streak; C: nonmetallic luster/pale streak. An unknown is nonmetallic with dark streak. Give its best key match and explain two identification limits.

Question 25 · 3 points

A rock changes while solid under heat/pressure, later weathers, is carried by a stream, and settles. Name the rock change and the three later processes, and explain why a fixed cycle is unnecessary.

Question 26 · 3 points

A modeled area receives 65 mm water during a week. Runoff is 20 mm, evaporation/transpiration 18 mm, and storage increases 27 mm. Check the account and name two different drivers or processes.

Question 27 · 3 points

A fictional noon weather record gives 16 °C and 1,008 hPa with 5 mm rain over the previous 24 hours. Explain why this is not a daily maximum, a guaranteed forecast, or a regional climate record.

Question 28 · 3 points

Matched fictional sites are at 1,021 and 1,012 hPa. In a model omitting rotation and friction, predict the pressure-driven response. Why does a warmed sealed flexible bag not necessarily gain more air?

Question 29 · 3 points

Three matched long-period seasonal mean records are 13.0, 13.3, and 13.6 °C. A cold day occurs in the last period. Describe the trend and explain why the day and trend can coexist.

Question 30 · 3 points

A learner says a warmed closed jar proves greenhouse gases are a solid roof and settles every climate-response choice. Correct the physical model and explain the evidence and policy distinction.

Question 31 · 3 points

Equal sampled areas record site A 7 species/24 individuals and site B 4 species/40 individuals. Compare richness and abundance and state one limit to a habitat-quality judgment.

Question 32 · 3 points

A stated web has leaves → caterpillar → bird and seeds → mouse → bird. Of 600 modeled resource energy units, 90 enter new consumer biomass. Explain arrows, fraction, and what the remaining energy or a population prediction requires.

Question 33 · 3 points

A closed nutrient-store model starts soil 15, plants 10, animals 5 units. Four move soil→plants, three plants→animals, and two animals→soil. Find final stores and distinguish matter from usable energy.

Question 34 · 3 points

Matched illustrative sediment means are 30 g bare and 18 g buffered. The buffer costs 3 tokens within a 4-token budget. Find relative reduction and give a bounded recommendation with a tradeoff or further test.

Question 35 · 3 points

Matched oxygen records at A are 6, 7, 8 mg/L and at B 3, 4, 5 mg/L. A looks clearer. Compare means and explain why Friday’s missing record and drinking safety need separate treatment.

Question 36 · 3 points

A bright Moon is visible and a satellite follows a curved Earth path. Correct “the Moon is a star and the satellite has no gravity because it is above air.”

Question 37 · 3 points

A supplied seasonal model gives 12 daylight hours at 50 energy units per area per hour and another season 8 hours at 30. Calculate daily totals and explain rotation, orbit/tilt, and a weather limit.

Question 38 · 3 points

An ordinary crescent is observed, then the visible bright fraction grows toward full. Explain the illumination, the growing-fraction term, and why Earth’s shadow is not the ordinary cause.

Question 39 · 3 points

A diagram shows Sun–Earth–Moon aligned with the Moon in shadow. A fictional tide table has high 5.8 and low 1.8 m. Identify the eclipse, find the range, and explain tides’ different mechanism.

Question 40 · 3 points

At 1 cm per 2,000,000 km, a supplied 100,000,000 km distance and 400,000 km distance are pictured as 50 and 8 cm. Audit the values and explain how enlarged symbols could remain useful.

Revisit the covered chapters

Browse all courses