Cross section — Grade 7 Accelerated, what it means and where it is taught
The 2-D face revealed when a plane cuts through a solid.
Taught in Grade 7 Accelerated.
Where it is taught
What uses it later
This idea is needed for:
- Cavalieri's principle — Same height and same cross sections at every level means same volume.
Practise this idea
10 questions in the course bank use Cross section, in Plane Sections of 3-D Figures, Solids: Volume, Sections & Rotations. The first 8 are below; the rest are in those units.
Problem 1
A cube is sliced parallel to one of its faces. What shape is the cross section?
- A square
- A triangle
- A circle
- A hexagon
Worked answer
A square
You get a square identical to the face, no matter how deep you cut.
Problem 2
A cylinder is sliced parallel to its base. What shape is the cross section?
- A rectangle
- A circle
- An oval
- A triangle
Worked answer
A circle
A circle, the same size as the base.
Problem 3
A square pyramid is sliced parallel to its base. What shape is the cross section?
- A triangle
- A square
- A trapezoid
- A pentagon
Worked answer
A square
A square — smaller the higher up you cut.
Problem 4
What is the greatest number of sides a cross section of a cube can have?
Worked answer
6
A cube has 6 faces
A plane can be tilted to pass through all six at once
That gives a hexagon — 6 sides.
Problem 5
A cylinder has radius 4 cm and height 10 cm. It is cut vertically through its axis. Find the area of the cross section.
Worked answer
80
Height = 10 cm
Width = 2 × 4 = 8 cm
Area = 10 × 8 = 80 cm2
Problem 6
A cone is sliced parallel to its base. What shape is the cross section?
- A triangle
- A circle
- A trapezoid
- An oval
Worked answer
A circle
A circle — smaller the closer you cut to the tip.
Problem 7
A cube is sliced through the diagonal of its top face and the parallel diagonal of its bottom face. What shape is the cross section?
- A square
- A rectangle
- A triangle
- A hexagon
Worked answer
A rectangle
The plane crosses four faces, so the cross section has four sides
All four corners are right angles, but the horizontal sides are diagonals — longer than the vertical edges
So it is a rectangle, not a square.
Problem 8
A cube is sliced through the three vertices next to one corner. What kind of triangle appears?
- A right triangle
- An equilateral triangle
- A scalene triangle
Worked answer
An equilateral triangle
Each of the three sides is a diagonal of a square face
All the faces are identical, so all three diagonals are equal
The cross section is an equilateral triangle.